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- """Utilities for with-statement contexts. See PEP 343."""
- import abc
- import sys
- import _collections_abc
- from collections import deque
- from functools import wraps
- from types import MethodType
- __all__ = ["asynccontextmanager", "contextmanager", "closing", "nullcontext",
- "AbstractContextManager", "AbstractAsyncContextManager",
- "AsyncExitStack", "ContextDecorator", "ExitStack",
- "redirect_stdout", "redirect_stderr", "suppress"]
- class AbstractContextManager(abc.ABC):
- """An abstract base class for context managers."""
- def __enter__(self):
- """Return `self` upon entering the runtime context."""
- return self
- @abc.abstractmethod
- def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
- """Raise any exception triggered within the runtime context."""
- return None
- @classmethod
- def __subclasshook__(cls, C):
- if cls is AbstractContextManager:
- return _collections_abc._check_methods(C, "__enter__", "__exit__")
- return NotImplemented
- class AbstractAsyncContextManager(abc.ABC):
- """An abstract base class for asynchronous context managers."""
- async def __aenter__(self):
- """Return `self` upon entering the runtime context."""
- return self
- @abc.abstractmethod
- async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
- """Raise any exception triggered within the runtime context."""
- return None
- @classmethod
- def __subclasshook__(cls, C):
- if cls is AbstractAsyncContextManager:
- return _collections_abc._check_methods(C, "__aenter__",
- "__aexit__")
- return NotImplemented
- class ContextDecorator(object):
- "A base class or mixin that enables context managers to work as decorators."
- def _recreate_cm(self):
- """Return a recreated instance of self.
- Allows an otherwise one-shot context manager like
- _GeneratorContextManager to support use as
- a decorator via implicit recreation.
- This is a private interface just for _GeneratorContextManager.
- See issue #11647 for details.
- """
- return self
- def __call__(self, func):
- @wraps(func)
- def inner(*args, **kwds):
- with self._recreate_cm():
- return func(*args, **kwds)
- return inner
- class _GeneratorContextManagerBase:
- """Shared functionality for @contextmanager and @asynccontextmanager."""
- def __init__(self, func, args, kwds):
- self.gen = func(*args, **kwds)
- self.func, self.args, self.kwds = func, args, kwds
-
- doc = getattr(func, "__doc__", None)
- if doc is None:
- doc = type(self).__doc__
- self.__doc__ = doc
-
-
-
-
-
- class _GeneratorContextManager(_GeneratorContextManagerBase,
- AbstractContextManager,
- ContextDecorator):
- """Helper for @contextmanager decorator."""
- def _recreate_cm(self):
-
-
-
- return self.__class__(self.func, self.args, self.kwds)
- def __enter__(self):
-
-
- del self.args, self.kwds, self.func
- try:
- return next(self.gen)
- except StopIteration:
- raise RuntimeError("generator didn't yield") from None
- def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
- if type is None:
- try:
- next(self.gen)
- except StopIteration:
- return False
- else:
- raise RuntimeError("generator didn't stop")
- else:
- if value is None:
-
-
- value = type()
- try:
- self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
- except StopIteration as exc:
-
-
-
- return exc is not value
- except RuntimeError as exc:
-
- if exc is value:
- return False
-
-
-
- if type is StopIteration and exc.__cause__ is value:
- return False
- raise
- except:
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- if sys.exc_info()[1] is value:
- return False
- raise
- raise RuntimeError("generator didn't stop after throw()")
- class _AsyncGeneratorContextManager(_GeneratorContextManagerBase,
- AbstractAsyncContextManager):
- """Helper for @asynccontextmanager."""
- async def __aenter__(self):
- try:
- return await self.gen.__anext__()
- except StopAsyncIteration:
- raise RuntimeError("generator didn't yield") from None
- async def __aexit__(self, typ, value, traceback):
- if typ is None:
- try:
- await self.gen.__anext__()
- except StopAsyncIteration:
- return
- else:
- raise RuntimeError("generator didn't stop")
- else:
- if value is None:
- value = typ()
-
-
- try:
- await self.gen.athrow(typ, value, traceback)
- raise RuntimeError("generator didn't stop after athrow()")
- except StopAsyncIteration as exc:
- return exc is not value
- except RuntimeError as exc:
- if exc is value:
- return False
-
-
-
-
-
-
- if isinstance(value, (StopIteration, StopAsyncIteration)):
- if exc.__cause__ is value:
- return False
- raise
- except BaseException as exc:
- if exc is not value:
- raise
- def contextmanager(func):
- """@contextmanager decorator.
- Typical usage:
- @contextmanager
- def some_generator(<arguments>):
- <setup>
- try:
- yield <value>
- finally:
- <cleanup>
- This makes this:
- with some_generator(<arguments>) as <variable>:
- <body>
- equivalent to this:
- <setup>
- try:
- <variable> = <value>
- <body>
- finally:
- <cleanup>
- """
- @wraps(func)
- def helper(*args, **kwds):
- return _GeneratorContextManager(func, args, kwds)
- return helper
- def asynccontextmanager(func):
- """@asynccontextmanager decorator.
- Typical usage:
- @asynccontextmanager
- async def some_async_generator(<arguments>):
- <setup>
- try:
- yield <value>
- finally:
- <cleanup>
- This makes this:
- async with some_async_generator(<arguments>) as <variable>:
- <body>
- equivalent to this:
- <setup>
- try:
- <variable> = <value>
- <body>
- finally:
- <cleanup>
- """
- @wraps(func)
- def helper(*args, **kwds):
- return _AsyncGeneratorContextManager(func, args, kwds)
- return helper
- class closing(AbstractContextManager):
- """Context to automatically close something at the end of a block.
- Code like this:
- with closing(<module>.open(<arguments>)) as f:
- <block>
- is equivalent to this:
- f = <module>.open(<arguments>)
- try:
- <block>
- finally:
- f.close()
- """
- def __init__(self, thing):
- self.thing = thing
- def __enter__(self):
- return self.thing
- def __exit__(self, *exc_info):
- self.thing.close()
- class _RedirectStream(AbstractContextManager):
- _stream = None
- def __init__(self, new_target):
- self._new_target = new_target
-
- self._old_targets = []
- def __enter__(self):
- self._old_targets.append(getattr(sys, self._stream))
- setattr(sys, self._stream, self._new_target)
- return self._new_target
- def __exit__(self, exctype, excinst, exctb):
- setattr(sys, self._stream, self._old_targets.pop())
- class redirect_stdout(_RedirectStream):
- """Context manager for temporarily redirecting stdout to another file.
- # How to send help() to stderr
- with redirect_stdout(sys.stderr):
- help(dir)
- # How to write help() to a file
- with open('help.txt', 'w') as f:
- with redirect_stdout(f):
- help(pow)
- """
- _stream = "stdout"
- class redirect_stderr(_RedirectStream):
- """Context manager for temporarily redirecting stderr to another file."""
- _stream = "stderr"
- class suppress(AbstractContextManager):
- """Context manager to suppress specified exceptions
- After the exception is suppressed, execution proceeds with the next
- statement following the with statement.
- with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
- os.remove(somefile)
- # Execution still resumes here if the file was already removed
- """
- def __init__(self, *exceptions):
- self._exceptions = exceptions
- def __enter__(self):
- pass
- def __exit__(self, exctype, excinst, exctb):
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- return exctype is not None and issubclass(exctype, self._exceptions)
- class _BaseExitStack:
- """A base class for ExitStack and AsyncExitStack."""
- @staticmethod
- def _create_exit_wrapper(cm, cm_exit):
- return MethodType(cm_exit, cm)
- @staticmethod
- def _create_cb_wrapper(callback, /, *args, **kwds):
- def _exit_wrapper(exc_type, exc, tb):
- callback(*args, **kwds)
- return _exit_wrapper
- def __init__(self):
- self._exit_callbacks = deque()
- def pop_all(self):
- """Preserve the context stack by transferring it to a new instance."""
- new_stack = type(self)()
- new_stack._exit_callbacks = self._exit_callbacks
- self._exit_callbacks = deque()
- return new_stack
- def push(self, exit):
- """Registers a callback with the standard __exit__ method signature.
- Can suppress exceptions the same way __exit__ method can.
- Also accepts any object with an __exit__ method (registering a call
- to the method instead of the object itself).
- """
-
-
- _cb_type = type(exit)
- try:
- exit_method = _cb_type.__exit__
- except AttributeError:
-
- self._push_exit_callback(exit)
- else:
- self._push_cm_exit(exit, exit_method)
- return exit
- def enter_context(self, cm):
- """Enters the supplied context manager.
- If successful, also pushes its __exit__ method as a callback and
- returns the result of the __enter__ method.
- """
-
-
- _cm_type = type(cm)
- _exit = _cm_type.__exit__
- result = _cm_type.__enter__(cm)
- self._push_cm_exit(cm, _exit)
- return result
- def callback(*args, **kwds):
- """Registers an arbitrary callback and arguments.
- Cannot suppress exceptions.
- """
- if len(args) >= 2:
- self, callback, *args = args
- elif not args:
- raise TypeError("descriptor 'callback' of '_BaseExitStack' object "
- "needs an argument")
- elif 'callback' in kwds:
- callback = kwds.pop('callback')
- self, *args = args
- import warnings
- warnings.warn("Passing 'callback' as keyword argument is deprecated",
- DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
- else:
- raise TypeError('callback expected at least 1 positional argument, '
- 'got %d' % (len(args)-1))
- _exit_wrapper = self._create_cb_wrapper(callback, *args, **kwds)
-
-
- _exit_wrapper.__wrapped__ = callback
- self._push_exit_callback(_exit_wrapper)
- return callback
- callback.__text_signature__ = '($self, callback, /, *args, **kwds)'
- def _push_cm_exit(self, cm, cm_exit):
- """Helper to correctly register callbacks to __exit__ methods."""
- _exit_wrapper = self._create_exit_wrapper(cm, cm_exit)
- self._push_exit_callback(_exit_wrapper, True)
- def _push_exit_callback(self, callback, is_sync=True):
- self._exit_callbacks.append((is_sync, callback))
- class ExitStack(_BaseExitStack, AbstractContextManager):
- """Context manager for dynamic management of a stack of exit callbacks.
- For example:
- with ExitStack() as stack:
- files = [stack.enter_context(open(fname)) for fname in filenames]
- # All opened files will automatically be closed at the end of
- # the with statement, even if attempts to open files later
- # in the list raise an exception.
- """
- def __enter__(self):
- return self
- def __exit__(self, *exc_details):
- received_exc = exc_details[0] is not None
-
-
- frame_exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
- def _fix_exception_context(new_exc, old_exc):
-
- while 1:
- exc_context = new_exc.__context__
- if exc_context is old_exc:
-
- return
- if exc_context is None or exc_context is frame_exc:
- break
- new_exc = exc_context
-
-
- new_exc.__context__ = old_exc
-
-
- suppressed_exc = False
- pending_raise = False
- while self._exit_callbacks:
- is_sync, cb = self._exit_callbacks.pop()
- assert is_sync
- try:
- if cb(*exc_details):
- suppressed_exc = True
- pending_raise = False
- exc_details = (None, None, None)
- except:
- new_exc_details = sys.exc_info()
-
- _fix_exception_context(new_exc_details[1], exc_details[1])
- pending_raise = True
- exc_details = new_exc_details
- if pending_raise:
- try:
-
-
- fixed_ctx = exc_details[1].__context__
- raise exc_details[1]
- except BaseException:
- exc_details[1].__context__ = fixed_ctx
- raise
- return received_exc and suppressed_exc
- def close(self):
- """Immediately unwind the context stack."""
- self.__exit__(None, None, None)
- class AsyncExitStack(_BaseExitStack, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
- """Async context manager for dynamic management of a stack of exit
- callbacks.
- For example:
- async with AsyncExitStack() as stack:
- connections = [await stack.enter_async_context(get_connection())
- for i in range(5)]
- # All opened connections will automatically be released at the
- # end of the async with statement, even if attempts to open a
- # connection later in the list raise an exception.
- """
- @staticmethod
- def _create_async_exit_wrapper(cm, cm_exit):
- return MethodType(cm_exit, cm)
- @staticmethod
- def _create_async_cb_wrapper(callback, /, *args, **kwds):
- async def _exit_wrapper(exc_type, exc, tb):
- await callback(*args, **kwds)
- return _exit_wrapper
- async def enter_async_context(self, cm):
- """Enters the supplied async context manager.
- If successful, also pushes its __aexit__ method as a callback and
- returns the result of the __aenter__ method.
- """
- _cm_type = type(cm)
- _exit = _cm_type.__aexit__
- result = await _cm_type.__aenter__(cm)
- self._push_async_cm_exit(cm, _exit)
- return result
- def push_async_exit(self, exit):
- """Registers a coroutine function with the standard __aexit__ method
- signature.
- Can suppress exceptions the same way __aexit__ method can.
- Also accepts any object with an __aexit__ method (registering a call
- to the method instead of the object itself).
- """
- _cb_type = type(exit)
- try:
- exit_method = _cb_type.__aexit__
- except AttributeError:
-
- self._push_exit_callback(exit, False)
- else:
- self._push_async_cm_exit(exit, exit_method)
- return exit
- def push_async_callback(*args, **kwds):
- """Registers an arbitrary coroutine function and arguments.
- Cannot suppress exceptions.
- """
- if len(args) >= 2:
- self, callback, *args = args
- elif not args:
- raise TypeError("descriptor 'push_async_callback' of "
- "'AsyncExitStack' object needs an argument")
- elif 'callback' in kwds:
- callback = kwds.pop('callback')
- self, *args = args
- import warnings
- warnings.warn("Passing 'callback' as keyword argument is deprecated",
- DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
- else:
- raise TypeError('push_async_callback expected at least 1 '
- 'positional argument, got %d' % (len(args)-1))
- _exit_wrapper = self._create_async_cb_wrapper(callback, *args, **kwds)
-
-
- _exit_wrapper.__wrapped__ = callback
- self._push_exit_callback(_exit_wrapper, False)
- return callback
- push_async_callback.__text_signature__ = '($self, callback, /, *args, **kwds)'
- async def aclose(self):
- """Immediately unwind the context stack."""
- await self.__aexit__(None, None, None)
- def _push_async_cm_exit(self, cm, cm_exit):
- """Helper to correctly register coroutine function to __aexit__
- method."""
- _exit_wrapper = self._create_async_exit_wrapper(cm, cm_exit)
- self._push_exit_callback(_exit_wrapper, False)
- async def __aenter__(self):
- return self
- async def __aexit__(self, *exc_details):
- received_exc = exc_details[0] is not None
-
-
- frame_exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
- def _fix_exception_context(new_exc, old_exc):
-
- while 1:
- exc_context = new_exc.__context__
- if exc_context is old_exc:
-
- return
- if exc_context is None or exc_context is frame_exc:
- break
- new_exc = exc_context
-
-
- new_exc.__context__ = old_exc
-
-
- suppressed_exc = False
- pending_raise = False
- while self._exit_callbacks:
- is_sync, cb = self._exit_callbacks.pop()
- try:
- if is_sync:
- cb_suppress = cb(*exc_details)
- else:
- cb_suppress = await cb(*exc_details)
- if cb_suppress:
- suppressed_exc = True
- pending_raise = False
- exc_details = (None, None, None)
- except:
- new_exc_details = sys.exc_info()
-
- _fix_exception_context(new_exc_details[1], exc_details[1])
- pending_raise = True
- exc_details = new_exc_details
- if pending_raise:
- try:
-
-
- fixed_ctx = exc_details[1].__context__
- raise exc_details[1]
- except BaseException:
- exc_details[1].__context__ = fixed_ctx
- raise
- return received_exc and suppressed_exc
- class nullcontext(AbstractContextManager):
- """Context manager that does no additional processing.
- Used as a stand-in for a normal context manager, when a particular
- block of code is only sometimes used with a normal context manager:
- cm = optional_cm if condition else nullcontext()
- with cm:
- # Perform operation, using optional_cm if condition is True
- """
- def __init__(self, enter_result=None):
- self.enter_result = enter_result
- def __enter__(self):
- return self.enter_result
- def __exit__(self, *excinfo):
- pass
|